What Are Immobilized Enzymes/Microorganisms?

Enzymes have many advantages such as mild reaction conditions, high specificity, and high catalytic efficiency. However, they are difficult to separate and recover from the substrate, which limits their application in industrial production. The problems will be solved by immobilizing the enzymes in a certain carrier through physicochemical methods, and then high-efficient and repeated use of enzymes will be achieved. For example, immobilizing glucose isomerase by silica/chitosan hybrid microspheres greatly improves the efficiency of glucose isomerase.

Fig.1 Immobilized glucose isomerase by silica/chitosan hybrid microspheres. (Zhao, et al., 2016)

Development of Enzymatic Isomerization

The transformation of erythrose into erythrulose was first observed in a rabbit muscle in 1952. Scientists discovered xylose isomerase in Pseudomoaas hydrophil in 1953, which converts D-xylose to D-xylulose. Then in 1957, by controlling the culture conditions, researchers found that xylose isomerase in Pseudomoaas hydrophil can achieve the conversion of D-Glucose to D-Fructose. In 1963, scientists extracted glucose isomerase from heterolactic acid bacteria, which has a high reactive activity and can efficiently convert glucose into fructose.

Fig.2 Glucose-fructose isomerization and assay methods. (Li, et al., 2017)

Our Services

CD BioGlyco integrates a large number of monosaccharide manufacture technologies and is committed to offering clients a variety of high-quality solutions and satisfactory services. We provide monosaccharide isomerization service via immobilized enzymes/microorganisms.

• Isomerization service
• D-xylose isomerase is used to convert aldose (D-glucose, D-ribose, D-xylose, etc.) into the relevant ketose.
• Glucose isomerase is used to convert D-glucose into D-fructose. This is a common way to produce a novel sweetener: high fructose corn syrup (HFCS).
• Produce rare monosaccharides such as xylitol, D-tagatose, D-erythritol, and D-allose from cheap monosaccharides.
• Immobilizing enzyme strategies
• Physical strategy: Embedding, in which enzymes are embedded in a gel lattice or made into microcapsules, is widely used.
• Chemical strategy: The immobilized enzymes are formed by a binding method in which the enzyme is chemically bonded to the polymer carrier, or a crosslinking method in which the bifunctional reagents such as ethylenediamine and glutaraldehyde are covalently linked to the enzyme molecules to form a three-dimensional network structure.

Applications

• Food additive development: Novel sweetener (HFCS) and functional sugar sweetener (xylitol)
• Production of rare monosaccharides from cheap monosaccharides
• Pharmaceutical development: D-tagatose, D-erythritol, D-allose, and other rare monosaccharides have various good pharmaceutical activities.

Highlights

• Efficient isomerization technologies for monosaccharides
• Multiple immobilization strategies
• Sustained high productivity and cheap transformation of rare monosaccharides
• Experienced researchers and technicians

CD BioGlyco has always been science-led and customer-centric in providing Monosaccharide Manufacture Service. We apply the most suitable production technology to bring the best monosaccharide manufacture for clients. If you want to know more about our One-Stop Solution for Carbohydrate Manufacture, welcome to contact us.

• Hydrolytic Enzymatic/Chemical Depolymerization
• Microbial Fermentation
• Chemical Production