The Functions of Amylomaltase

Amylomaltases are prokaryotic 4α-glucanotransferases (4α-GTases) and belong to the glycoside hydrolase family GH77. The 4α-GTase catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucosidic bonds in α-1,4 -D-glucans and tand transfers the newly formed reducing end to the location of the α-1,4-D glucan receptor. Amylomaltase starch reactions can also be intramolecular, resulting in the synthesis of cyclic molecules consisting of 6 to 8 glucose units, called cyclodextrin (CDs) and cyclic glycoses (CAs), which are generally large-ring cyclodextrins with a degree of polymerization (DP) from sixteen to several hundred glucose units. The enzymes were all expressed as recombinant proteins and tested for their activity by applying specific assays for the different reactions catalyzed by 4α-GTases: (i) disproportionation, (ii) cyclization; (iii) coupling; and (iv) hydrolysis. After enzymatic modification, the performance of starch is significantly improved, and it is widely used in food, medicine, papermaking, and other industries.

Fig.1 Typical reaction catalyzed by 4α-GTases. (Leoni, et al., 2021)

Amylomaltase Treatment Service at CD BioGlyco

CD BioGlyco focuses on the quality of Modified Starch with important ingredients like stabilization, gelling, texturizing, thickening, and water retention. Our modified production uses cereal starch at appropriate pH and temperature, adding amylomaltases. The treatment is carried out up to 12 h of incubation, resulting in a reduction of amylose percentages (but with an increase in the molecular weight) and a reduction of molecular weights of amylopectin molecules. Each step of the process was strictly controlled. For the amylomaltase-treated starch, we offer heterogeneous expression, purification, and biochemical characteristics testing services. Through analysis, including chain length distribution analysis, evaluation of the gel properties of starch, side chain length distribution analysis, determination of starch water solubility, and so on.

Fig.2 Enzymatic potato starch modification. (CD BioGlyco)

Applications

• Amylomaltase-treated starch produces cycloamyloses (molecules larger than cyclodextrins).
• Amylomaltase-treated starch produces thermoreversible starch gels, which could be used as non-animal gelatin substitutes.
• Used as carriers and encapsulating agents for hydrophobic molecules and also as effective protein chaperons.
• Used for the synthesis of glycogen, to be used in industrial applications in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical fields.

Advantages

• Amylomaltase-treated starch products have high heat resistance and stability.
• Effective modification at high temperatures of microbial contamination.
• Amylomaltase-treated starch improves viscosity and clarity, becoming more liquid and transparent.

CD BioGlyco has been working on Enzyme Modification research for many years. Transferase included Amylomaltase Treatment and Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase Treatment. Our technical team provides customized services for you. If you are interested in our products, please feel free to contact us.

• Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase Treatment